Comparing and contrasting of the artwork produced during two different artistic periods

In this assignment I am going to be comparing and contrasting the artworks from two artists both from different artistic periods. I have chosen to analyse works from Gustave Courbet and Auguste Renoir both from the Realist and Impressionist movements. Hailed as the pioneer of the Realist movement Gustave Courbet set an unprecedented artistic movement which caused a lot of controversy amongst all it artists.This movement embodied and represented the everyday norm as we know it, our own lives and realities caught on canvas or in this case the realities experienced by the artist Gustave Courbet. Realism was unprecedented and controversial in the sense that it broke away from the norm which was for centuries mainly depicting popular, religious figures however Courbet’s ideologies were for artists to portray only what they can see or has lived, depicting everyday scenes and events.Coming from a harsh environment, Gustaves earlier life was in the small town of Ornans in France were Courbet was born into a lower/ working class. His depictions of his realities can be seen through many works including â€Å"Burial at Ornans 1850†. One painting that embodies realism is entitled â€Å"The Stone Breakers†. This painting merely depicts to figures a boy and a man absorbed in their tedious repetitive work of crushing stones to make road.This controversy surrounding this piece was immense as it depicted two figures carrying out the most miserable tedious tasks one could do however this is the harsh reality they live and the reality Courbet is trying to convey to the viewer. We are unable to see the figures faces as the boy has his back facing the viewer and the man wearing a hat however this gives a sense of the figures shame and somewhat unimportance that we can’t even look at their faces because of the nature of their reality and how they go about earning their money.In comparison to Realism, Impressionism shares the same characteristics in terms of depicting reality. Many Impressionist artists works including â€Å"Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette† or â€Å"La Loge† Auguste Renoir as well as â€Å"Woman with a Parasol† by Claude Monet are all depictions of the artists realities and general normal activities or social gatherings. The breaking from the norm seemed to be continued with the Impressionists by also literally painting what they saw, adopting this new way ofobservational painting which meant artists left their studios and began to paint outside. In relation to Courbets paintings the Impressionists depicted everyday scenes which were observed by the artists themselves at the adopting this new age of artistic movements. Impressionist pieces such as â€Å"La Loge† by Auguste Renoir depict a female figure in her most realist but glamorous form.It is somewhat realist in the sense that there is a lot of attention to the detail of the fabric, the figures dress is a velvety texture it gives the viewer a sense of they can almost feel the texture. Her face and hair are painted in the most natural form. â€Å"Impression Sunrise† by Claude Monet is the piece in which the whole Impressionist movement received its name from. The Impressionists were seen as radicals depicting a new Industrial revolution the way they saw it in reality.It is evident throughout most Impressionist works the use of visible, sketchy brush strokes merely creating â€Å"impressions† of the subject that they are trying to depict. The use of colour and light was revolutionary through this period as certain theories were vital to follow in order to achieve the desired effect. For instance the use of complimentary colours playing off each other to create a more intense piece, shadows merely being shades of colours from where they are cast as well as the thickness of the paint etc all were important factors.In contrast to works such as â€Å"The Stone Breakers†, Impressionist pieces are s omewhat depicted differently. For instance the brush strokes shown in pieces such as â€Å" Woman with a Parasol 1875† the brushstrokes short and sketchy and go with the flow of the subject matter as brushstrokes are meant to depict movement within the piece, something that Courbets was unable to portray but instead his seemed to depicted a never ending slow movement in time because of the repetitive hard labour shown in the piece.The visible brushstrokes also in some ways depict emotion in the sense that quickly faster sketchier brushstrokes may imply a certain emotion the artist was going through in order to create those marks were as shorter strokes may imply a more slight attention to detail. The colour shining from the back of the female figure gives great light and shadow to the piece.Hints of yellows and greens are visible on the female figures dress while touches of blues and pinks are visible as shadows on the field. In conclusion I have managed to compare and contra st some artworks from two different artistic periods and have managed to identify and explain most of the characteristics. The similarities with both Realist and Impressionist movements were apparent within the subject matter of the artworks.Breaking from the norm like this was unprecedented and these artists were seen as radicals changing the ancient teachings of art and adopting their own rules to fit their ideologies. The differences mainly spanned in which the way different artists portrayed their work. Within realist pieces such as â€Å"The Stone Breakers† attention to detail was apparent as the poor figures clothes were ruff and rugged merely the harshness of their everyday job.Impressionist pieces such as â€Å"Woman with a Parasol† weren’t so much focused on every aspect of the figures attire, facial features etc but more on creating this moment of strolling through the field, whilst capturing movement and emotion. These were just depicted with brush st rokes and as mere impressions of the real thing. The subject matter from most Impressionist and Realist artists where just depictions of their reality which in a sense in comparison together makes them similar movements in terms of subject matter.

Free Essays on Cost Accounting

What Is My Opinion on Cost Accounting Accounting is often called "the language of business." The acceleration of change in our society has contributed to increasing complexities in the "language", which is used in recording, summarizing, reporting, and interpreting basic economic data for individuals, business, governments, and other entities. Sound decisions, based on reliable information, are essential for the efficient distribution and use of the nation's scarce resources. Accounting, therefore, plays an important role in our economic and social system. The Cost Accounting course focuses on the role of the cost accountant to provide accounting information to managers as an aid in making economic decisions. The course emphasizes the development and application of cost systems as they apply to cost inputs (materials, labor, overhead), and job order versus process costing. Students will be introduced to actual versus standard cost accounting, direct versus full absorption costing, and budgeting. COST ACCOUNTING This is the area of accounting that focuses on cost by examining cost flow, cost per unit, cost behavior, and cost management issues. It measures levels of cost and the impact of those costs on the efficiency and operation of an individual or organization. It is also concerned with revenue and revenue per unit in its management reporting process. It operates under principles and procedures as set forth by the Cost Accounting Standards Board, known also as CASB. Financial Accounting This is the area of accounting that has the goal of analyzing, recording, and summarizing financial operations using expense rather than cost, and without an emphasis on per-unit calculations. As is the case with cost accounting, financial accounting uses five types of accounts: assets, liabilities, capital (or equity), revenue, and expense (rather than cost). It operates under principles and procedures known as Generally... Free Essays on Cost Accounting Free Essays on Cost Accounting What Is My Opinion on Cost Accounting Accounting is often called "the language of business." The acceleration of change in our society has contributed to increasing complexities in the "language", which is used in recording, summarizing, reporting, and interpreting basic economic data for individuals, business, governments, and other entities. Sound decisions, based on reliable information, are essential for the efficient distribution and use of the nation's scarce resources. Accounting, therefore, plays an important role in our economic and social system. The Cost Accounting course focuses on the role of the cost accountant to provide accounting information to managers as an aid in making economic decisions. The course emphasizes the development and application of cost systems as they apply to cost inputs (materials, labor, overhead), and job order versus process costing. Students will be introduced to actual versus standard cost accounting, direct versus full absorption costing, and budgeting. COST ACCOUNTING This is the area of accounting that focuses on cost by examining cost flow, cost per unit, cost behavior, and cost management issues. It measures levels of cost and the impact of those costs on the efficiency and operation of an individual or organization. It is also concerned with revenue and revenue per unit in its management reporting process. It operates under principles and procedures as set forth by the Cost Accounting Standards Board, known also as CASB. Financial Accounting This is the area of accounting that has the goal of analyzing, recording, and summarizing financial operations using expense rather than cost, and without an emphasis on per-unit calculations. As is the case with cost accounting, financial accounting uses five types of accounts: assets, liabilities, capital (or equity), revenue, and expense (rather than cost). It operates under principles and procedures known as Generally...

Chinas Boxer Rebellion of 1900

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Hong Kong Tradition and Modernization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

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Masters Level - Project Management in Construction Essay

Masters Level - Project Management in Construction - Essay Example However, these ideas remained a distant reality given the technological challenges posed by such a project. Nonetheless speculation thrived on the issue especially throughout the sixties and the seventies. It became clear that the only viable method of bridging up Great Britain to mainland Europe was a tunnel under the sea. The idea seemed simple at first. The project required the boring of three distinct tunnels from one side of the English Channel to the other. Tunnelling or more specifically boring had been carried out extensively even before the Channel Tunnel project so technical expertise was available on the issue. One thing that was noticeable about the Channel Tunnel project upfront was the fact that boring had never been taken up on such a massive scale before this project. While the Channel Tunnel project can be seen as a major achievement in terms of technical progress, by any other measure, it has been seen as a pure project management failure. There is little doubt in anyone’s mind that the Channel Tunnel project was less than a Pyrrhic victory. The initial costing for the project was estimated at some  £3.5 billion but the eventual execution cost the project team some  £9 billion. There was little change in the overall scope of the project but there were myriad changes in the details of the project scope. It was decided initially that the Channel Tunnel would consist of a 32 mile (51.5 kilometres) tunnel under the sea to serve two railway links separately. These two main railway tracks under the sea would be supported by a smaller tunnel in the middle of these tunnels to service shuttle trains carrying vehicles. Once construction commenced, it became apparent that air conditioning was more of a necessity than an auxiliary for the projec t. One of the more troubling aspects of the Channel Tunnel project was the involvement of the governmental machinery

Managed Change at Toyota Australia Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Managed Change at Toyota Australia - Case Study Example What we assumed was a temporary circumstance has  turned into a permanent situation. This drop of 36% in just four years shows the scale of our  challenges.† (Toyota Motor Corporation Australia 2012) As Mr. Yasuda notes, business is down and the trend is not temporary, but has been in process for the past four years. Export volumes are down, and not only that, the competitiveness of Australian-made Toyota vehicles is also noted to be down. The Australian currency's strength has likewise negatively impacted the volumes, because of the higher prices owing to the improved currency valuation versus other currencies. This makes Toyota in Australia less competitive in terms of cost too, in comparison to other markets and other production locations in the world (Toyota Motor Corporation Australia 2012). As of the time of the announcement, Mr. Yasuda also noted that the changes that were being made in the Toyota operations in Australia were geared for the long term, and towards mak ing Toyota Australia competitive under the changed operating condition and market conditions in the world. Those market changes are long-term, and so must the changes. The workforce is to undergo adjustment to align it with the company's long-term plans, and that adjustment may mean re-training and reorganizing the workforce. That can also include renegotiating wages and working arrangements as well. Sourcing for parts is to be optimized for cost and efficiency. Efficiency gains are to be a primary goal. As well the overall cost structure of the manufacturing facilities and the entire operations is to be optimized (Toyota Motor Corporation Australia 2012; Beissman 2012; Beissman 2012 (b)). That said, it is to be noted that Toyota in... The company basically made use of fundamental change management tools centering on communication and in the explanation of the fundamental reasons for the change. There is, first of all, the use of systematic modes of managing the personnel side of the change, via planned layoffs that reflect the changed fundamentals of the company's financial viability. As well the company communicated and validated how the external market conditions necessitated such personnel change. The literature calls this making a formal case out of the planned changes. No doubt with the fact that Toyota Australia is not alone in facing difficulties in the domestic and international markets, and the fact that government itself had acknowledged the changed and difficult market conditions, made it easy for Toyota Australia to make the formal case for change. The formal case made by the CEO is one that is also a solid business case. There are good business reasons for the changes, in other words, and that was the message and the formal case that made it easier for Toyota Australia to sell the idea of the planned changes not only to employees but to the market in general.

Introduction to Sociology Essay Example for Free

Introduction to Sociology Essay In this paper it will evaluate the impact of sociological behind what we call family and social change that has evolved during the ages. There are three factors that must be reviewed Functionalism, Conflict, and Interactionism. 1. Functionalism * Functionalism would claim that each member of the family is interdependent and contributes to the functioning of the family. * Family members play their role and have great attitudes there is balance, peace and unity in the family. * The rebel against his or her role then the role as a family as a whole suffers imbalance, stress, disunity and dysfunctional tendencies. * Each member has some power to agree to disagree what is decided. * By having input into decisions each member feels validated and the family can grow based on the idea of consensus rather than authoritarianism. 2. The functionalist theory is a sociological philosophy that attempts to explain social institutions as collective means to fill individual biological needs. 3. The Conflict Theory is a theory that states that society or an organization functions so that each individual participant and its group struggle to maximize their benefits which inevitably contributes to social change such as political views and revolutions. * The theory of conflict within families starts with the premises that family members undergo conflicts and disharmony. * The study includes family dynamics and the roles played by various family members. * The source of the power and the causes of the conflict must be identified. * When the family is dissected and the sources of conflict and power identified the family can better and more effective ways to communicate. * The study of dynamics can help members become more empathetic and understanding of the underlying causes of their conflict. 4. The interactism theory has become one of the dominant sociological perspectives in the world today. The theory studies individuals and how they interact in society. * Symbolic interaction theory describes the family as a unit of interacting personalities. * This theory focuses attention to the way people interact through words, gestures rules and roles. * It is based on how humans develop a complex set of symbols to give meaning to the world. * Understanding these symbols is important in understanding human behavior. * Symbolic interactionism unique contributions to family are families are social groups and that individuals develop both a concept of self and their identities through social interactions. * Symbolic interactism is the way we learn and give meaning to the world through our interactions with others. 5. All three theories, interactism, conflict, and functionalism have to do with social and mental states of the family being determined by a specific role or condition. 6. Functionalist is a macro level analysis. It focuses on how people come together to create society. * It also focuses on whether the actions are good for the equilibrium of society and these are called dysfunctions. * Conflict theory do not see society as whole coming together well for one purpose. It focuses on class conflict. * The main difference between the three is that functionalism and conflict are macro level. Symbolic interactism is micro-level. The beginning of life is the institution most responsible for the achievement of adult satisfaction and social integration. The beginning of human life begins with the family institution; depending on the upbringing of the person will likely determine the social future for society. * Functionalists view the family from the standpoint of universal functions the family provides to society. * Symbolic interactions views family as to what they can bring into society from study how they interact with each other. * Conflict theory focuses on class conflict or the conflict with the family as a group. Conclusion: Each theory will affect social change within the selected institution and depending on how each person uses this information will depend on how society views them as a whole. References: WWW. How does interactionism theory apply to family.edu Social Interactism theory by Lee Flamed.edu Conflict theory- New World Encyclopedia. Functilism theory- New World Encyclopedia Vising, Y (2011). Introduction to Sociology. San Diego, CA: Bridge point Education,Inc. *